To power a 5kVA inverter, you typically need between 4 to 8 batteries, depending on the battery voltage and desired backup duration. For example, if you’re using 12V batteries and the inverter is configured to run on a 48V system, you’ll need a minimum of four 12V batteries connected in series. However, if you want longer backup time or plan to power heavier appliances, you may need additional batteries connected in parallel to increase the amp-hour capacity.
For a basic 5kVA system setup, here’s a common configuration:
4 x 12V 200Ah batteries = 48V, 200Ah battery bank
This setup is enough to run essential home appliances for several hours, depending on your load. It is also well-suited for small offices or shops that experience regular power cuts.
Factors That Influence Battery Requirements
The number of batteries you need for a 5kVA inverter doesn’t have a one-size-fits-all answer. Several important factors determine your final battery count and configuration:
- Load demand: The total wattage of the appliances you want to power significantly affects how many batteries you need.
- Backup duration: If you want longer backup times, you’ll need more amp-hours (Ah), which might mean more batteries.
- Battery voltage: Higher voltage systems (e.g., 48V) require fewer batteries than 12V or 24V setups for the same power output.
- Battery type and capacity: A 200Ah battery offers more backup time than a 100Ah battery, so the total Ah capacity matters just as much as the count.
- Inverter input voltage requirements: Most 5kVA inverters work with a 48V input, requiring at least 4 x 12V batteries.
- Efficiency of the inverter and battery quality: Poor-quality batteries or low inverter efficiency may reduce your expected runtime, requiring more batteries to compensate.
Calculating Your Battery Bank Size for a 5kVA System
To determine the right battery bank size, you need to consider both power (in watts) and energy (in watt-hours). Here’s a simple formula:
Battery Bank Capacity (Wh) = Load (W) × Backup Hours
Once you know the required watt-hours, convert that into amp-hours (Ah) based on your battery voltage:
Battery Bank Capacity (Ah) = Watt-hours / Battery Voltage
Let’s say your daily energy consumption is around 5000 watts for 5 hours:
Required energy = 5000W × 5h = 25,000Wh
If you’re using a 48V system: 25,000Wh ÷ 48V = 520.83Ah
In this case, you would need batteries totaling about 520Ah at 48V. This can be achieved by:
4 x 12V 200Ah batteries (configured in series-parallel to increase capacity to 48V, 400Ah)
Or 8 x 12V 150Ah batteries (for 48V, 600Ah)
By analyzing your exact energy profile, you ensure your battery bank matches your power goals without overloading or under-supplying your inverter.
Understanding Battery Voltage: 12V vs 24V vs 48V Options
Battery voltage plays a major role in determining the number of batteries you’ll need for your 5kVA inverter setup. Inverters are designed to work with specific input voltages, commonly 12V, 24V, or 48V. Most modern 5kVA inverters operate best with 48V input, which offers several advantages in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
- 12V System: Requires many batteries to achieve the necessary power, resulting in increased wiring complexity and higher risk of inefficiency.
- 24V System: A compromise between 12V and 48V, suitable for mid-range applications. Still requires more batteries than a 48V system.
- 48V System: The most efficient option for a 5kVA inverter. Requires fewer batteries, reduces current flow (which minimizes energy loss), and is safer for larger loads.
Example: To reach 48V with 12V batteries, you need at least 4 batteries connected in series. If using 24V batteries, only 2 in series are needed.
Choosing the Right Battery Type for 5kVA Inverters
The type of battery you choose affects not only how long your inverter system lasts but also how much value you get over time. For a 5kVA inverter, your battery bank must be durable, efficient, and able to handle deep discharges. Here are the most common types:
Tubular Batteries:
These are flooded lead-acid batteries designed for deep-cycle performance.
- Pros: Affordable, long lifespan (5–7 years), ideal for heavy usage
- Cons: Require periodic maintenance (topping up with distilled water), need proper ventilation
Lithium-ion Batteries:
Lightweight and compact, lithium batteries offer superior technology and longer life.
- Pros: Fast charging, low maintenance, long lifespan (up to 10 years), compact size
- Cons: Higher upfront cost, sensitive to overcharging if not managed properly
AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) Batteries:
These sealed lead-acid batteries are maintenance-free and safe for indoor use.
- Pros: No water top-ups, spill-proof, affordable
- Cons: Shorter life cycle compared to tubular and lithium, lower depth of discharge
The go-to option for residential users is typically tubular batteries, especially for clients seeking a balance between cost and longevity. However, for clients in commercial environments or premium residential projects, lithium-ion systems are often preferred due to their compact design and extended performance.
Solar Charging Compatibility and Considerations
When pairing your 5kVA inverter system with solar power, proper sizing and system design are key. Here’s what to consider:
Solar Panels:
To charge a 48V battery bank efficiently, you’ll need solar panels that supply more than 3,000W total. This could mean using 6 to 10 solar panels of 400–550W each.
Charge Controllers:
A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controller is ideal for 5kVA systems. It ensures efficient charging even when sunlight intensity varies. MPPTs also allow higher voltage panels to charge lower-voltage batteries.
Battery Charging Current:
Your solar setup should supply a charging current equal to 10 – 20% of the battery Ah rating. For a 200Ah bank, that’s around 20 – 40A for healthy charging.
Battery Maintenance Tips
Whether you’re using tubular, AGM, or lithium-ion batteries, proper maintenance ensures you get the maximum return on investment.
Daily or Weekly Care:
- Avoid over-discharging your battery (don’t let it drop below 50% if possible)
- Check inverter display or app regularly for battery voltage and health
- Keep battery terminals clean and tight
Monthly or Seasonal Checks:
- For tubular batteries: top up with distilled water as needed
- Ensure the battery environment is cool and well-ventilated
- Run full charge/discharge cycles once in a while to calibrate battery levels
General Best Practices:
- Use high-quality cables and connectors
- Install batteries in a dust-free, dry location
- Invest in a battery management system (BMS) if using lithium batteries
Why Choose GVE for Your 5kVA Inverter Setup
When it comes to solar power and inverter installations in Nigeria, GVE Projects Limited stands out as one of the most trusted and experienced providers in the industry. With over a decade of hands-on experience, GVE has successfully delivered clean energy solutions to thousands of homes, businesses, and rural communities across the country.
What makes GVE different?
- Tailored Solutions: Whether you need a basic 5kVA inverter system or a fully integrated solar power solution, we design each setup based on your energy needs and budget.
- High-Quality Components: GVE partners with reputable brands for batteries, inverters, and solar panels, ensuring long-term reliability.
- Expert Installation: Our team of trained engineers and technicians ensures safe, efficient, and neat installations.
- After-Sales Support: Unlike many vendors who disappear after the sale, we offer after-installation support, maintenance services, and performance monitoring.
For households and small businesses looking for peace of mind and guaranteed performance, GVE is a top choice for 5kVA inverter installations.
CONTACT US
Address
Head Office: No. 22A Suez Crescent, Off Ladi Kwali Street, Wuse Zone 4 FCT-Abuja, Nigeria.
Winorac Engineering Building, Plot 34 Boskel Road, Port-Harcourt,Rivers State, Nigeria.
Phone: +234 909 222 7483, 09098887023
Email: info@gve-group.com
Conclusion
For a 5kVA inverter, the number of batteries you need depends on factors like battery voltage, capacity (Ah), system voltage (24V or 48V), and your energy usage. Whether you’re powering a home, small office, or shop, a properly sized battery bank is essential for performance and durability.
Choosing the right installer is just as important as choosing the right equipment. With GVE’s expertise, commitment to quality, and country-wide presence, you’re not only investing in a battery setup but you’re investing in reliable, long-term power solutions tailored to your needs.